Are First Impressions correct?
Got a second? Got two?
Remember we were talking about how limited our conscious attention is? We can hold only 5-9 bits of information at any one time in our conscious mind. Our brain, meanwhile, is recording everything we experience all the time-even when we are asleep or under anaesthesia.
Do we ever get access to this stored treasure-trove of information? Frequently!
Ever get a first impression that is compelling? For example, when we look at someone and know that we are attracted to them within the first 30 seconds of meeting them, or we recognize that something is wrong and leave an area that feels unsafe, suddenly?
We’ve all had these experiences-AND they are valid. In fact, they are often more valid than decisions we over-research or worry about-because they are based on millions of bits of information–way more than we process consciously.
The problem for most of us is that, as Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle states, if you know the position of an electron, you can’t know its velocity—the two phenomena are not perceivable at the same time.
Similarly, when we get a message from our deep unconscious mind,
we cannot ever know HOW we know!
In fact, if we try to justify our knowing by getting our limited conscious mind to ‘explain’ it, we can overwhelm it and eliminate the advantage that sudden intuitive knowing gave us.
We can remember faces easily—even though we haven’t seen someone for years. But if you are asked to write out a detailed description of that person, you quickly find that ‘one picture is worth a thousand words’-and, in fact, our description is less accurate than any picture! We can all recognize the taste of a strawberry, but nobody has the vocabulary to even begin to describe this taste to another.
Malcolm Gladwell, in his fascinating book, Blink, talks about what he calls thin-slicing, which means leaping to a conclusion using a bare minimum of conscious information. Being able to do this is part of what makes us human, and we rely on our unconscious ability to do this every day.
This is the world of first impressions, of snap judgments -possibly life-saving-, stereotypes and, yes, of prejudices.
When we have a limited set of experiences with a different ethnic or cultural group, we tend to fall back on stereotypes. We espouse the knee-jerk judgments of our cultural programming—for example, we prefer tall white men as authority figures, which is a truly cultural prejudice.
Gladwell found that of the millions of men under 5’6”, only 10 reached the level of CEO in Fortune 500 companies! Even more startling is the discovery that, although men over 6’ tall comprised about 14% of the population, they totaled 58% of the CEOs!
We clearly have an unconscious bias towards tall men as leaders, and a prejudice against shorter men—and women and other minorities!
These cultural programs are so pervasive that the bias towards whites and against African Americans is found even in African Americans!
Clearly, we can have a set of conscious values that puts us in the ‘unbiased’ category, while our unconscious is programmed to react very quickly using the cultural prejudices we inhale on all sides from the moment we learn language—and possibly before!
This is distressing to people who believe they are fair and evenhanded, unprejudiced and just in their conscious values. Am I a closet racist/sexist/whatever? There are several interesting conclusions found in Blink from new research that sheds light on our conditioning—I certainly recommend the book to anyone who wants to know more about this phenomenon.
How can we unprogram ourselves?
Gladwell posits that increased familiarity with other varieties of people from different cultures and classes can broaden our unconscious data base and soften our knee-jerk prejudices. We can cultivate this acceptance intentionally; it is difficult to overcome decades of programming by the culture and the media, but the ability to include more and diverse kinds of people in our world leads to higher vibrational consciousness. Love, calibrated at the 500 level is all-inclusive—no more ‘us’ and ‘them’.
Every person who reaches this level has a great affect on the consciousness shared by all human beings.
If we rely so much on our intuitive flashes to navigate in our world, what happens to those who don’t have this ability?
People who are born autistic are missing the function of part of the brain that enables us to ‘read’ each others’ minds and intent. For autistics, people are among the countless ‘things’ to notice in the world. They record and store data and memories, but are unable to participate in the world of social and emotional events as they are ‘mind blind’ to the intent and emotional emanations of others.
Autistic people are intelligent and can learn—remember the Rain Man?- but the intricacies of social connections are closed to them unless they train themselves to learn to interpret signals the rest of us perceive and understand in a blink. This is a very hard task and few achieve the skills they need to close the gap. High-functioning autistics have had to learn by practice what the rest of us intuit easily.
In highly stressful situations—like having a person point a gun at us—our brain goes into survival mode, overrides our usual values and goes right back to the prejudices. We go into narrow focus and lose the subtleties. We become ‘mind blind’ for a crucial instant.
This is where mistakes are made and say, police officers shoot an innocent person because he seemed to be threatening and they had to make a life-or-death decision in a very short span of time.
On page 233, Gladwell quotes Keith Payne, a psychologist:
“When we make a split-second decision…we are really vulnerable
To being guided by our stereotypes and prejudices, even ones we may not necessarily endorse or believe.”
Payne worked with police officers to see how to correct this kind of ‘stress judgment’. The only difference Payne could make in the results of his experiment about snap judgments was to slow it down and by “…forcing people to wait a beat before identifying the object on the screen.”
Gladwell continues, “Our powers of thin slicing and snap judgments are extraordinary. But even the giant computer in our unconscious needs a moment to do its work.” (p 233)
Doesn’t this resemble our idea that we can make a better decision if we only pause and notice-then adjust, if necessary-our state of mind? I believe so.
Gladwell discusses research that shows that police officers and soldiers can be trained to use the first 2 seconds of intuitive knowing better if they repeat stressful interactions until a new response can be learned which integrates their intuitive ‘instant’ knowing and results in their ability to delay their reflexive response.
Most of us, thankfully, are NOT placed in life-or-death situations daily, so we can learn this essential skill at our leisure. For soldiers and police, it requires lots of practice: people who train to rescue hostages have to be both quick AND accurate–yet they learn to tell the bad guys from the hostages almost instantly.
We can do this as well—in fact, it’s the same process! Although police officers and those in combat need to assess the outer world quickly and we are talking about our inner world, taking an extra second or two can give us what we need to make better
We don’t have to give up anything or relinquish our human powers of intuitive knowing—we CAN pause and let our incredible unconscious computer serve us more effectively.